Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of Applied Science and Engineering31 Oct 2026

Wake-up Radio Integration in IoT Sensors: A Simulation Based Analysis of Network Lifetime and Performance Tradeoffs

Junlei Dong¹
Shuai Fu²

¹School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Henan Polytechnic, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.Henan Engineering Research Center of Fault-Tolerant Server, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.
²Changchun Humanities and Sciences College, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China

Abstract

The deployment of long-term autonomous Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks is constrained by the finite energy budget of battery-powered nodes. Although Synchronous Duty Cycling (SDC) is widely used to reduce idle-listening energy, its scalability is limited by synchronization overhead and packet collisions. This study quantitatively compares Wake-up Radio (WuR)-assisted communication with SDC and Always-On baselines using a discrete-event simulation framework. The model incorporates long-term battery depletion, stochastic packet generation, collision-induced packet loss, and channel loss over a 365-day horizon. Results from a simulated 50-node network show that, although SDC extends network lifetime to approximately 45 days, its packet loss increases superlinearly and reaches approximately 16% under high-density conditions because of contention within synchronized active windows. In contrast, the WuR-assisted approach maintains packet loss below 1.2% across load levels and retains 34.6% of battery capacity after one year, corresponding to a projected lifetime of more than 1.5 years. With an energy cost of 30.6 mJ per successful packet, WuR achieves a 13.5-fold improvement over SDC. These results indicate that WuR-assisted communication is a more suitable architecture for scalable, latency-sensitive, and ultra-long-lived IoT deployments.

PyFLI: A Python Library for Simulation, Parameter Estimation, and Benchmarking in Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
Vikas Pandey, Ismail Erbas, Margarida Barroso +2
arXiv15 Sep 2026PreprintCC BY-NC-SA 4.0Full textBioinformatics & computational biology Biological & medical physicsarXiv
Novel 10-dB Directional Coupler for Wireless RF Interrogator of SAW Resonator Sensors: Design, Simulation, and Experimental Investigation
Azzeddine Sardi, Younes El Hachimi, Yassine Gmih +6
IEEE Access12 Aug 2026Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textGeneral physicsHAL
Modulating the majority charge carrier type and performance of organic heterojunction ammonia sensors by increasing peripheral fluorination of the silicon phthalocyanine sublayer
Benjamin King, Sujithkumar Ganesh Moorthy, Eric Lesniewska +3
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical29 Oct 2026Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full text25 citedGeneral chemistry General physicsHAL
Large integration time-step in molecular dynamics simulation artificially enhances the strength of hydrophobic interaction
Dilipkumar N. Asthagiri
arXiv24 Sep 2026PreprintarXiv licenceFull textPhysical chemistry Condensed matterarXiv
High-Performance Scaled P-Type SnOx Transistor by Atomic Layer Deposition with CFET Integration
Ziheng Wang, Wen He, Chen Gu +8
arXiv10 Sep 2026PreprintarXiv licenceFull textCondensed matterarXiv

Cite

BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{dong2026wakeup,
  title = {{Wake-up Radio Integration in IoT Sensors: A Simulation Based Analysis of Network Lifetime and Performance Tradeoffs}},
  author = {Junlei Dong and Shuai Fu},
  journal = {Journal of Applied Science and Engineering},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.6180/jase.202701_36.045},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202701_36.045},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wake-up Radio Integration in IoT Sensors: A Simulation Based Analysis of Network Lifetime and Performance Tradeoffs
AU  - Junlei Dong
AU  - Shuai Fu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/31
JO  - Journal of Applied Science and Engineering
DO  - 10.6180/jase.202701_36.045
UR  - https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202701_36.045
AB  - The deployment of long-term autonomous Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks is constrained by the finite energy budget of battery-powered nodes. Although Synchronous Duty Cycling (SDC) is widely used to reduce idle-listening energy, its scalability is limited by synchronization overhead and packet collisions. This study quantitatively compares Wake-up Radio (WuR)-assisted communication with SDC and Always-On baselines using a discrete-event simulation framework. The model incorporates long-term battery depletion, stochastic packet generation, collision-induced packet loss, and channel loss over a 365-day horizon. Results from a simulated 50-node network show that, although SDC extends network lifetime to approximately 45 days, its packet loss increases superlinearly and reaches approximately 16% under high-density conditions because of contention within synchronized active windows. In contrast, the WuR-assisted approach maintains packet loss below 1.2% across load levels and retains 34.6% of battery capacity after one year, corresponding to a projected lifetime of more than 1.5 years. With an energy cost of 30.6 mJ per successful packet, WuR achieves a 13.5-fold improvement over SDC. These results indicate that WuR-assisted communication is a more suitable architecture for scalable, latency-sensitive, and ultra-long-lived IoT deployments.
SN  - 2708-9967
SN  - 2708-9975
ER  -

Abstract

Related

Cite