Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0ACS Omega2 Nov 2026

Laser-Induced Graphene Modified with Gold Nanoparticles for Dengue Biomarker Detection: Toward Portable and Flexible Biosensing Platforms for Early Diagnosis

Thiago Teixeira da Silva¹
Isadora Bernardes Sequalini¹
Evaldo José Corat²
Rudimar Riva¹
Valtencir Zucolotto³
Nirton Cristi Silva Vieira¹

¹Federal University of São Paulo , , , ,
²National Institute for Space Research , , ,
³University of São Paulo , , , ,

Abstract

Dengue remains a major public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions, where early detection can support timely clinical management. Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), released during the acute phase of infection, is an important biomarker for early dengue detection. Here, we report a flexible electrochemical immunosensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG), a hierarchically porous three-dimensional carbon material produced by laser irradiation of polyimide and functionalized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through a simple electroless deposition process. The incorporation of AuNPs reduced the impedance of the LIG electrode, enhanced interfacial charge transfer, and increased the electrochemically accessible surface area. Structural, morphological, electrochemical, and surface wettability characterizations confirmed the successive modification steps of the sensing platform. The resulting biosensor exhibited a logarithmic response to DENV-2 NS1 over the experimentally evaluated concentration range of 10–1000 ng/mL, with a calculated limit of detection of 3.3 ng/mL. The sensor showed reproducible responses and low cross-reactivity toward Zika virus NS1 under the investigated conditions. These results demonstrate the feasibility of combining porous LIG and AuNPs for electrochemical NS1 detection and provide a basis for the further development of flexible electrochemical biosensors for dengue NS1 detection.

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Cite

BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{silva2026laserinduced,
  title = {{Laser-Induced Graphene Modified with Gold Nanoparticles for Dengue Biomarker Detection: Toward Portable and Flexible Biosensing Platforms for Early Diagnosis}},
  author = {Thiago Teixeira da Silva and Isadora Bernardes Sequalini and Evaldo José Corat and Rudimar Riva and Valtencir Zucolotto and Nirton Cristi Silva Vieira},
  journal = {ACS Omega},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c09616},
  url = {https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c09616/5462342/Laser-Induced-Graphene-Modified-with-Gold},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laser-Induced Graphene Modified with Gold Nanoparticles for Dengue Biomarker Detection: Toward Portable and Flexible Biosensing Platforms for Early Diagnosis
AU  - Thiago Teixeira da Silva
AU  - Isadora Bernardes Sequalini
AU  - Evaldo José Corat
AU  - Rudimar Riva
AU  - Valtencir Zucolotto
AU  - Nirton Cristi Silva Vieira
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - ACS Omega
DO  - 10.1021/acsomega.6c09616
UR  - https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c09616/5462342/Laser-Induced-Graphene-Modified-with-Gold
AB  - Dengue remains a major public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions, where early detection can support timely clinical management. Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), released during the acute phase of infection, is an important biomarker for early dengue detection. Here, we report a flexible electrochemical immunosensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG), a hierarchically porous three-dimensional carbon material produced by laser irradiation of polyimide and functionalized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through a simple electroless deposition process. The incorporation of AuNPs reduced the impedance of the LIG electrode, enhanced interfacial charge transfer, and increased the electrochemically accessible surface area. Structural, morphological, electrochemical, and surface wettability characterizations confirmed the successive modification steps of the sensing platform. The resulting biosensor exhibited a logarithmic response to DENV-2 NS1 over the experimentally evaluated concentration range of 10–1000 ng/mL, with a calculated limit of detection of 3.3 ng/mL. The sensor showed reproducible responses and low cross-reactivity toward Zika virus NS1 under the investigated conditions. These results demonstrate the feasibility of combining porous LIG and AuNPs for electrochemical NS1 detection and provide a basis for the further development of flexible electrochemical biosensors for dengue NS1 detection.
SN  - 2470-1343
ER  -

Abstract

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