Optical Stability of Injectable Resin Composites with Different Shade-Matching Strategies
- 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Türkiye
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of aging, coffee staining, and bleaching on the optical properties of injectable resin composites with varying filler types, resin matrix compositions, and shade-matching strategies. Six injectable resin composites and one conventional microhybrid composite were evaluated (n = 20 per material; 140 specimens in total). For each material, specimens were randomly allocated to two subgroups (n = 10): thermocycling or 12-day coffee staining followed by in-office bleaching. Disc-shaped specimens were fabricated, and baseline color, whiteness index, and translucency were recorded. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for between-material comparisons (α = 0.05). Significant differences among materials were observed after aging, staining, and bleaching (p < 0.001). After aging, the multi-shade nanofilled FSF, group-shade nanohybrid NSF, and conventional microhybrid GDA showed the lowest color changes, whereas the one-shade composites showed the highest. Coffee staining reduced whiteness and translucency in all groups, with the greatest whiteness loss observed in the one-shade composites. Bleaching reduced staining-induced discoloration in all materials, most markedly in the one-shade nanohybrid CBF; however, residual color differences relative to baseline remained above the acceptability threshold in all materials. After bleaching, translucency in the supra-nanospherical OBF and EBF composites exceeded baseline values beyond the perceptibility threshold. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the evaluated resin composites exhibited material-dependent changes in color, whiteness, and translucency following artificial aging, coffee staining, and bleaching, with incomplete recovery of baseline optical properties after bleaching.
Related
- Friction Stability and Wear Behavior of Te NW–TiB2/Epoxy Composites
- MOF-on-MOF heterostructured composites for food safety analysis: construction strategies, sensing applications and sample pretreatment.
- Surface Roughness and Color Stability of S-PRG Giomer Flowable Restoratives Versus Nanofill Resin Composites After Simulated Toothbrushing: An In Vitro Study
- Upcycling Secondary Cellulosic Fibres and Post-Industrial Recycled Polypropylene from Household Appliance Manufacturing into Circular Composites with Enhanced Dimensional Stability
- Next-generation electronic packaging materials: thermal-dielectric properties and design strategies in PI and PTFE-based composites
BibTeX
@article{kesgin2026optical,
title = {{Optical Stability of Injectable Resin Composites with Different Shade-Matching Strategies}},
author = {Buse Kesgin and Başak Yazkan},
journal = {Polymers},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3390/polym18212736},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2736},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Optical Stability of Injectable Resin Composites with Different Shade-Matching Strategies
AU - Buse Kesgin
AU - Başak Yazkan
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/03
JO - Polymers
DO - 10.3390/polym18212736
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2736
AB - This study evaluated the effects of aging, coffee staining, and bleaching on the optical properties of injectable resin composites with varying filler types, resin matrix compositions, and shade-matching strategies. Six injectable resin composites and one conventional microhybrid composite were evaluated (n = 20 per material; 140 specimens in total). For each material, specimens were randomly allocated to two subgroups (n = 10): thermocycling or 12-day coffee staining followed by in-office bleaching. Disc-shaped specimens were fabricated, and baseline color, whiteness index, and translucency were recorded. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for between-material comparisons (α = 0.05). Significant differences among materials were observed after aging, staining, and bleaching (p < 0.001). After aging, the multi-shade nanofilled FSF, group-shade nanohybrid NSF, and conventional microhybrid GDA showed the lowest color changes, whereas the one-shade composites showed the highest. Coffee staining reduced whiteness and translucency in all groups, with the greatest whiteness loss observed in the one-shade composites. Bleaching reduced staining-induced discoloration in all materials, most markedly in the one-shade nanohybrid CBF; however, residual color differences relative to baseline remained above the acceptability threshold in all materials. After bleaching, translucency in the supra-nanospherical OBF and EBF composites exceeded baseline values beyond the perceptibility threshold. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the evaluated resin composites exhibited material-dependent changes in color, whiteness, and translucency following artificial aging, coffee staining, and bleaching, with incomplete recovery of baseline optical properties after bleaching.
SN - 2073-4360
ER -