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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0ChemistryOpen

Phytochemical Profiling and Safety Assessment of Maerua crassifolia Forssk. Aerial Parts Infusion With Pharmacological Validation of Its Analgesic and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities

  • Leila Benazzi1
  • Saida Ouafi1
  • Redouane Semaoui1
  • Faiza Baali2
  • Jordi Eras3,4
  • Ramon Canela‐Garayoa3
  • Nadjette Djemouai2,5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Laboratory of Research on Arid Zones (LRZA) Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) Algiers Algeria
  2. 2Department of Biology Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Ghardaia Ghardaïa Algeria
  3. 3Department of Chemistry DBA center University of Lleida Lleida Spain
  4. 4Scientific Technical Services TCEM University of Lleida Lleida Spain
  5. 5Laboratory of Microbial Systems Biology (LBSM) Higher National School Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi Kouba, Algiers Algeria
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Abstract

Maerua crassifolia Forssk. is used in Algerian traditional medicine to relieve pain and manage inflammation. This study aimed to explore the composition, safety, in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo analgesic, and anti‐inflammatory effects of the infusion of M. crassifolia aerial parts. The infusion yielded 11.93 ± 1.08% (w/w) and exhibited high total phenolic (620.51 ± 2.54 mg GAE/100 g dry weight (d.w.)) and flavonoid (87.11 ± 0.76 mg QE/100 g d.w.) contents. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐photodiode array detection‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐PDA‐MS/MS) identified 19 phenolic compounds. The infusion showed strong antioxidant activity in the four assays tested. Acute oral toxicity testing showed a favorable safety profile (LD ₅₀ > 5000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)). The results showed that the infusion exerted dose‐dependent analgesic activity, with the highest inhibition of abdominal writhing (74.02 ± 2.17%) and paw‐licking time (up to 77.78%) observed at 1000 mg/kg b.w., comparable to paracetamol, the standard analgesic drug. In the anti‐inflammatory test, the infusion produced dose‐dependent activity, with 44.42% ± 2.30% and 56.22% ± 1.52% inhibition at 500 and 1000 mg/kg b.w., respectively, comparable to the standard anti‐inflammatory drug sodium diclofenac. These findings position M. crassifolia as a promising candidate for the management of pain and inflammation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{benazzi2026phytochemical,
  title = {{Phytochemical Profiling and Safety Assessment of Maerua crassifolia Forssk. Aerial Parts Infusion With Pharmacological Validation of Its Analgesic and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities}},
  author = {Leila Benazzi and Saida Ouafi and Redouane Semaoui and Faiza Baali and Jordi Eras and Ramon Canela‐Garayoa and Nadjette Djemouai},
  journal = {ChemistryOpen},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1002/open.70326},
  url = {https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/open.70326},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phytochemical Profiling and Safety Assessment of Maerua crassifolia Forssk. Aerial Parts Infusion With Pharmacological Validation of Its Analgesic and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities
AU  - Leila Benazzi
AU  - Saida Ouafi
AU  - Redouane Semaoui
AU  - Faiza Baali
AU  - Jordi Eras
AU  - Ramon Canela‐Garayoa
AU  - Nadjette Djemouai
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - ChemistryOpen
DO  - 10.1002/open.70326
UR  - https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/open.70326
AB  - Maerua crassifolia Forssk. is used in Algerian traditional medicine to relieve pain and manage inflammation. This study aimed to explore the composition, safety, in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo analgesic, and anti‐inflammatory effects of the infusion of M. crassifolia aerial parts. The infusion yielded 11.93 ± 1.08% (w/w) and exhibited high total phenolic (620.51 ± 2.54 mg GAE/100 g dry weight (d.w.)) and flavonoid (87.11 ± 0.76 mg QE/100 g d.w.) contents. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐photodiode array detection‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐PDA‐MS/MS) identified 19 phenolic compounds. The infusion showed strong antioxidant activity in the four assays tested. Acute oral toxicity testing showed a favorable safety profile (LD ₅₀ > 5000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)). The results showed that the infusion exerted dose‐dependent analgesic activity, with the highest inhibition of abdominal writhing (74.02 ± 2.17%) and paw‐licking time (up to 77.78%) observed at 1000 mg/kg b.w., comparable to paracetamol, the standard analgesic drug. In the anti‐inflammatory test, the infusion produced dose‐dependent activity, with 44.42% ± 2.30% and 56.22% ± 1.52% inhibition at 500 and 1000 mg/kg b.w., respectively, comparable to the standard anti‐inflammatory drug sodium diclofenac. These findings position M. crassifolia as a promising candidate for the management of pain and inflammation.
SN  - 2191-1363
SN  - 2191-1363
ER  -