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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Nanomaterials

Development of Fe3O4@SiO2 Magnetic Nanobeads Decorated with Graphene Oxide for Improved DNA Separation

  • Camellia Panatarani1,2
  • Karisa A. Fauzi1,2
  • Ferry Faizal1,2
  • Adi Darmawan3
  • Nur L. Hamidah4
  • Eka C. Prima5
  • Mia Miranti6
  • Yolani Syaputri6
  • Bhawana Jain2,7
  • Sundoro Y. Azhary2
  • I M. Joni1,2
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
  2. 2Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
  3. 3Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
  4. 4Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
  5. 5Department of Physics, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
  6. 6Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
  7. 7Department of Chemical Sciences, Siddhachalam Laboratory, Raipur 493221, Chhattisgarh, India
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Abstract

In molecular biology, magnetic nanobeads play a key role in the separation and purification of DNA and RNA, which are necessary for procedures such as PCR. However, conventional magnetic nanobeads suffer from instability, aggregation, and poor surface functionality. The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize graphene oxide (GO) -conjugated Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanobeads for DNA isolation. The large surface area and functional groups of GO could bring about strong interactions with DNA, thus enhancing the binding and separation efficiency. Here, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are chosen as the core material because of the high magnetic saturation and biocompatibility. The silica shell can improve stability and serve as a platform for further functionalization. Amino functionalization of Fe3O4@SiO2 allows conjugation of GO at reactive sites. The stability and functionalization of the nanobeads were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), particle size distribution, zeta potential, and electrophoretic mobility. The optimal GO to Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 conjugation ratio (5:1) balanced adequate GO coverage and controllable particle dimension. The increased negative charge improved colloidal stability and reduced aggregation. The enhanced electrophoretic mobility ensures efficient separation of DNA. These findings highlight the potential of GO-conjugated Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanobeads as promising tools for advanced DNA separation techniques.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{panatarani2026development,
  title = {{Development of Fe3O4@SiO2 Magnetic Nanobeads Decorated with Graphene Oxide for Improved DNA Separation}},
  author = {Camellia Panatarani and Karisa A. Fauzi and Ferry Faizal and Adi Darmawan and Nur L. Hamidah and Eka C. Prima and Mia Miranti and Yolani Syaputri and Bhawana Jain and Sundoro Y. Azhary and I M. Joni},
  journal = {Nanomaterials},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/nano16211428},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1428},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of Fe3O4@SiO2 Magnetic Nanobeads Decorated with Graphene Oxide for Improved DNA Separation
AU  - Camellia Panatarani
AU  - Karisa A. Fauzi
AU  - Ferry Faizal
AU  - Adi Darmawan
AU  - Nur L. Hamidah
AU  - Eka C. Prima
AU  - Mia Miranti
AU  - Yolani Syaputri
AU  - Bhawana Jain
AU  - Sundoro Y. Azhary
AU  - I M. Joni
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/05
JO  - Nanomaterials
DO  - 10.3390/nano16211428
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1428
AB  - In molecular biology, magnetic nanobeads play a key role in the separation and purification of DNA and RNA, which are necessary for procedures such as PCR. However, conventional magnetic nanobeads suffer from instability, aggregation, and poor surface functionality. The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize graphene oxide (GO) -conjugated Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanobeads for DNA isolation. The large surface area and functional groups of GO could bring about strong interactions with DNA, thus enhancing the binding and separation efficiency. Here, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are chosen as the core material because of the high magnetic saturation and biocompatibility. The silica shell can improve stability and serve as a platform for further functionalization. Amino functionalization of Fe3O4@SiO2 allows conjugation of GO at reactive sites. The stability and functionalization of the nanobeads were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), particle size distribution, zeta potential, and electrophoretic mobility. The optimal GO to Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 conjugation ratio (5:1) balanced adequate GO coverage and controllable particle dimension. The increased negative charge improved colloidal stability and reduced aggregation. The enhanced electrophoretic mobility ensures efficient separation of DNA. These findings highlight the potential of GO-conjugated Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanobeads as promising tools for advanced DNA separation techniques.
SN  - 2079-4991
ER  -