Effects of Benzofuran–Chalcone, Benzofuran–Pyrazoline, and Bis-Pyrazoline Derivatives on Redox-Related Biomarkers and Fatty Acid, Vitamin, and Sterol Profiles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fırat University, 23200 Elazığ, Türkiye
- 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, 23200 Elazığ, Türkiye
- 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, 23200 Elazığ, Türkiye
Abstract
Benzofuran-based hybrid compounds have reported radical-scavenging and biological activities, but their cellular biochemical response profiles require further characterization. This study evaluated previously synthesized benzofuran–chalcone, benzofuran–pyrazoline, and bis-pyrazoline derivatives by combining cell-free assays with redox-related and lipid-associated biochemical measurements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chemical radical-scavenging activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and in vitro lipid peroxidation-related responses were evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Cellular measurements included reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein, fatty acids, and lipophilic vitamins and sterols. Cellular experiments comprised four independent experimental sets, with statistical comparisons restricted to each treatment and its corresponding concurrently prepared control. Compounds 1d and 2b showed comparatively high DPPH radical-scavenging responses under the tested conditions, whereas the in vitro TBARS responses varied with compound and treatment level. Cellular GSH and MDA changes were not consistently parallel: 2e increased both parameters, 2f markedly decreased GSH without significantly altering MDA, and 1b and 2b decreased GSH while increasing MDA. Treatments also altered fatty acid, tocopherol, and sterol profiles relative to their respective controls. These findings show that chemical radical-scavenging responses did not consistently correspond to cellular redox-related responses and that lipid-associated measurements provided complementary biochemical information. The study therefore characterizes distinct treatment-associated response profiles rather than a uniform antioxidant or pro-oxidant effect. Unequal molar exposures and the absence of concurrent viability and mechanistic measurements preclude definitive potency rankings, structure–activity relationships, or mechanistic conclusions.
Related
- The methyltransferase Rrp8 is a positive regulator of autophagy flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Excess copper causes repression of global translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Next-generation non-Saccharomyces yeast derivatives: Fine tuning antioxidant capacity through inactivation process
- Surface Display of an Anti-CD3 scFv by Saccharomyces boulardii and Its Effect on DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice
- β-(1,3)/(1,6)-glucans derived from non-saccharomyces yeast cell walls with emphasis on structural components and biofunctional potential for food and health applications: A review
BibTeX
@article{erzen2026effects,
title = {{Effects of Benzofuran–Chalcone, Benzofuran–Pyrazoline, and Bis-Pyrazoline Derivatives on Redox-Related Biomarkers and Fatty Acid, Vitamin, and Sterol Profiles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae}},
author = {Buket Erzen and Ökkeş Yılmaz and Demet Coşkun and Ahmet Harun Evren and Mukaddes Karataş},
journal = {Molecules},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/molecules31203769},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3769},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Effects of Benzofuran–Chalcone, Benzofuran–Pyrazoline, and Bis-Pyrazoline Derivatives on Redox-Related Biomarkers and Fatty Acid, Vitamin, and Sterol Profiles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
AU - Buket Erzen
AU - Ökkeş Yılmaz
AU - Demet Coşkun
AU - Ahmet Harun Evren
AU - Mukaddes Karataş
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Molecules
DO - 10.3390/molecules31203769
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3769
AB - Benzofuran-based hybrid compounds have reported radical-scavenging and biological activities, but their cellular biochemical response profiles require further characterization. This study evaluated previously synthesized benzofuran–chalcone, benzofuran–pyrazoline, and bis-pyrazoline derivatives by combining cell-free assays with redox-related and lipid-associated biochemical measurements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chemical radical-scavenging activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and in vitro lipid peroxidation-related responses were evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Cellular measurements included reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein, fatty acids, and lipophilic vitamins and sterols. Cellular experiments comprised four independent experimental sets, with statistical comparisons restricted to each treatment and its corresponding concurrently prepared control. Compounds 1d and 2b showed comparatively high DPPH radical-scavenging responses under the tested conditions, whereas the in vitro TBARS responses varied with compound and treatment level. Cellular GSH and MDA changes were not consistently parallel: 2e increased both parameters, 2f markedly decreased GSH without significantly altering MDA, and 1b and 2b decreased GSH while increasing MDA. Treatments also altered fatty acid, tocopherol, and sterol profiles relative to their respective controls. These findings show that chemical radical-scavenging responses did not consistently correspond to cellular redox-related responses and that lipid-associated measurements provided complementary biochemical information. The study therefore characterizes distinct treatment-associated response profiles rather than a uniform antioxidant or pro-oxidant effect. Unequal molar exposures and the absence of concurrent viability and mechanistic measurements preclude definitive potency rankings, structure–activity relationships, or mechanistic conclusions.
SN - 1420-3049
ER -