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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Australian Veterinary Journal

Multiple cardiac malformations in a calf

  • LA Soares1
  • IC Matias1
  • DRS Garcia2
  • HS Oliveira Filho3
  • SM Figueiredo4
  • GX Medeiros5
  • LÂ Maia4
  • GJN de Galiza1
5 affiliations
  1. 1Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG) Patos Brazil
  2. 2Veterinary Laboratory João Pessoa Brazil
  3. 3Postgraduate Program in Animal Science Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) Areia Brazil
  4. 4Department of Veterinary Medicine Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Paraíba (IFPB) Sousa Brazil
  5. 5Department of Veterinary Medicine UFCG Patos Brazil
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Abstract

This paper describes the morphopathological aspects of a case of multiple cardiac malformations in a calf. A two‐day‐old male calf of undefined breed was born with an ectopic heart, presenting with dyspnoea and in lateral recumbency. The owner had repositioned the exposed heart beneath the adjacent skin, which was suclosed, without additional incisions or suturing of the heart or pericardial sac. The animal died the following day and was submitted for necropsy. Macroscopically, the heart was observed to be ventrally pendulous, covered by the pericardial sac, external to the thoracic cavity, with a passage between the manubrium of the sternum and the middle scalene muscle (ectopia cordis). The heart was rounded, and three cardiac chambers were observed: the right ventricle, left ventricle and a single dilated atrial cavity located above the left ventricle, with absence of the atrial septum and a rudimentary right ventricle. The atrial cavity was dilated with rudimentary pectinate muscles. A caudal vena cava and pulmonary veins emptied into the single atrial cavity. In the right chamber of the heart, there was marked myocardial thickening with a rudimentary ventricular space, a poorly developed tricuspid valve, absence of a pulmonary trunk, a single‐inlet univentricular atrioventricular connection and a single‐outlet ventriculoarterial connection. The occurrence of ectopia cordis associated with cardiac malformations is a rare condition incompatible with the life of calves.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{soares2026multiple,
  title = {{Multiple cardiac malformations in a calf}},
  author = {LA Soares and IC Matias and DRS Garcia and HS Oliveira Filho and SM Figueiredo and GX Medeiros and LÂ Maia and GJN de Galiza},
  journal = {Australian Veterinary Journal},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1111/avj.70141},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.70141},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multiple cardiac malformations in a calf
AU  - LA Soares
AU  - IC Matias
AU  - DRS Garcia
AU  - HS Oliveira Filho
AU  - SM Figueiredo
AU  - GX Medeiros
AU  - LÂ Maia
AU  - GJN de Galiza
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/13
JO  - Australian Veterinary Journal
DO  - 10.1111/avj.70141
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.70141
AB  - This paper describes the morphopathological aspects of a case of multiple cardiac malformations in a calf. A two‐day‐old male calf of undefined breed was born with an ectopic heart, presenting with dyspnoea and in lateral recumbency. The owner had repositioned the exposed heart beneath the adjacent skin, which was suclosed, without additional incisions or suturing of the heart or pericardial sac. The animal died the following day and was submitted for necropsy. Macroscopically, the heart was observed to be ventrally pendulous, covered by the pericardial sac, external to the thoracic cavity, with a passage between the manubrium of the sternum and the middle scalene muscle (ectopia cordis). The heart was rounded, and three cardiac chambers were observed: the right ventricle, left ventricle and a single dilated atrial cavity located above the left ventricle, with absence of the atrial septum and a rudimentary right ventricle. The atrial cavity was dilated with rudimentary pectinate muscles. A caudal vena cava and pulmonary veins emptied into the single atrial cavity. In the right chamber of the heart, there was marked myocardial thickening with a rudimentary ventricular space, a poorly developed tricuspid valve, absence of a pulmonary trunk, a single‐inlet univentricular atrioventricular connection and a single‐outlet ventriculoarterial connection. The occurrence of ectopia cordis associated with cardiac malformations is a rare condition incompatible with the life of calves.
SN  - 0005-0423
SN  - 1751-0813
ER  -