Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
197,688 studies31 sourcesUpdated 23 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDEnvironmental science & technology

Analysis of Multiple Tire Rubber-Derived Chemicals in Fish Bile and Plasma: Analytical Method and Field Assessment in Puget Sound, WA, USA.

  • Denis da Silva1
  • Jonelle Gates1
  • Madison Hattaway1
  • Louisa Harding2
  • Sandra O'Neill2
  • Irvin Schultz1
  1. 1National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine and Fisheries Services, Northwest Fisheries Science Center.2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington98112, United States.
  2. 2Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife .1111 Washington St. SE, Olympia, Washington98501, United States.
Read full textPDFDOICite

Abstract

Tire rubber-derived chemicals (TRCs) are known to be highly toxic to fish, but understanding of their environmental levels and fate is still limited. This study presents a new method for the analysis of 18 TRCs, including phenylenediamines (TRC-PDs), their quinone derivatives (TRC-Qs), and rubber vulcanizing and curing-related chemicals (TRC-VCRs) in fish bile and plasma samples. We applied this method in bile and plasma samples from English sole collected in urban, near-urban, and nonurban sites in Puget Sound, WA, USA. TRCs were detected in 100% of bile and 96% of plasma samples from English sole collected from all nine sites in Puget Sound. Mean TRC levels in bile samples per site ranged between 0.8 and 18 ng/mL, while plasma levels ranged between 0.22 and 0.63 ng/mL, with total summed reaching up to 31 ng/mL in bile and 1.3 ng/mL in plasma. TRC-PDs were the most abundant group of TRC in both bile and plasma. Higher levels of TRCs in bile suggests this matrix to be more valuable for environmental monitoring, providing more sensitive detection of TRC during low exposures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first data set reporting environmental levels of 18 TRCs in the bile and plasma of field-caught fish.

Related

  1. Exposomic Assessment of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Using Hair: A Cross-Matrix Comparison with Serum and Urine by LC-HRMS and Metabolite Profiling.
    Ana González-Ruiz, Adrià Sunyer-Caldú, Rodrigo Braz Carneiro +7
    Environmental science & technologyPeer-reviewedCC BYFull text1 citedPharmacology & toxicologyEurope PMC
  2. Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Plasma-Activated Water in Meat Processing: Microbial Safety, Molecular Transformations, Quality Changes, and Analytical Assessment
    Marian Gil, Mariusz Rudy, Paulina Duma-Kocan +2
    MoleculesPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textMedical imaging & radiologyCrossrefEurope PMC
  3. Prevalence of Dental Caries Based on International Caries Detection and Assessment System-II Criteria among 7–15-year-old Rural Adivasi Schoolchildren in Dhule, Maharashtra: A Descriptive, Analytical, Cross-sectional Study
    Swapnali Patil, Arun S. Dodamani, Sumit Nagraj Ede +4
    Journal of Indian Association of Public Health DentistryPeer-reviewedCC BY-NC-SAFull textGeneral medicineDOAJ
  4. Different Analytical Modes on Automatic Hematology Analyzers for Testing Quality Control Materials and Commutability Assessment
    Bingshuang Ren, Ya Cheng, Hongping Ba +5
    International Journal of Laboratory HematologyPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textGeneral medicinePMC
  5. Analytical performance of a delayed-centrifugation blood collection tube for remote blood biomarker assessment
    Y.-R. Lee, X. Zeng, M. F. Farinas +4
    medRxivPreprintCC BY-NC-NDFull textNeurologymedRxiv

Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{silva2026analysis,
  title = {{Analysis of Multiple Tire Rubber-Derived Chemicals in Fish Bile and Plasma: Analytical Method and Field Assessment in Puget Sound, WA, USA.}},
  author = {Denis da Silva and Jonelle Gates and Madison Hattaway and Louisa Harding and Sandra O'Neill and Irvin Schultz},
  journal = {Environmental science \& technology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1021/acs.est.6c07136},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899653},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of Multiple Tire Rubber-Derived Chemicals in Fish Bile and Plasma: Analytical Method and Field Assessment in Puget Sound, WA, USA.
AU  - Denis da Silva
AU  - Jonelle Gates
AU  - Madison Hattaway
AU  - Louisa Harding
AU  - Sandra O'Neill
AU  - Irvin Schultz
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Environmental science & technology
DO  - 10.1021/acs.est.6c07136
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899653
AB  - Tire rubber-derived chemicals (TRCs) are known to be highly toxic to fish, but understanding of their environmental levels and fate is still limited. This study presents a new method for the analysis of 18 TRCs, including phenylenediamines (TRC-PDs), their quinone derivatives (TRC-Qs), and rubber vulcanizing and curing-related chemicals (TRC-VCRs) in fish bile and plasma samples. We applied this method in bile and plasma samples from English sole collected in urban, near-urban, and nonurban sites in Puget Sound, WA, USA. TRCs were detected in 100% of bile and 96% of plasma samples from English sole collected from all nine sites in Puget Sound. Mean TRC levels in bile samples per site ranged between 0.8 and 18 ng/mL, while plasma levels ranged between 0.22 and 0.63 ng/mL, with total summed reaching up to 31 ng/mL in bile and 1.3 ng/mL in plasma. TRC-PDs were the most abundant group of TRC in both bile and plasma. Higher levels of TRCs in bile suggests this matrix to be more valuable for environmental monitoring, providing more sensitive detection of TRC during low exposures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first data set reporting environmental levels of 18 TRCs in the bile and plasma of field-caught fish.
SN  - 0013-936X
SN  - 1520-5851
ER  -