Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Blighia sapida Leaves
Abstract
Blighia sapida is a medicinal plant with reported therapeutic properties in several plant parts. The present study evaluated the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibitory potential and antifungal properties of leaf extracts obtained with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Ethanol produced the highest extract yield (2.17%), followed by ethyl acetate (2.07%) and n-hexane (1.69%). Preliminary screening detected saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, anthocyanins and phenols in the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts, while terpenoids and anthraquinones were absent. Quantitative analysis showed that the ethyl acetate extract contained higher phenols (37.70±0.03 GAE/mg/g), flavonoids (12.96±0.02 QE/mg/g), tannins (10.75±0.01 TAE/mg/g), alkaloids (13.92±0.02%) and saponins (9.87±0.02%) than the ethanol extract. Antioxidant assays indicated concentration-dependent radical scavenging and reducing activities in both extracts, with variations between DPPH and FRAP responses. The ethanol extract showed stronger α-amylase inhibitory activity, with percentage inhibition ranging from 54.04±0.78% to 76.40±0.57% and an IC50 of 1.57 mg/mL, compared with 26.09±0.67% to 70.19±1.00% and an IC50 of 2.19 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract. Both extracts also demonstrated antifungal activity against selected fungal isolates, although no inhibition was observed against Aspergillus fumigatus, and ethanol showed no activity against Murcortic spp. These findings suggest that B. sapida leaves contain phytochemicals that may contribute to antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and antifungal activities.
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BibTeX
@article{adepoju2026phytochemical,
title = {{Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Blighia sapida Leaves}},
author = {A. J. Adepoju and N. B. Omodara and O.O. Aboyeji and I. T. Olawoore and R. O. Agboola and O. A. Oyeyemi and O. J. Oyeleke and F. H. Olabode and O. C. Akinosun and E. T. Ayodele},
journal = {Journal of Basic and Applied Research International},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.56557/jobari/2026/v32i511089},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05744003v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Blighia sapida Leaves
AU - A. J. Adepoju
AU - N. B. Omodara
AU - O.O. Aboyeji
AU - I. T. Olawoore
AU - R. O. Agboola
AU - O. A. Oyeyemi
AU - O. J. Oyeleke
AU - F. H. Olabode
AU - O. C. Akinosun
AU - E. T. Ayodele
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/08
JO - Journal of Basic and Applied Research International
DO - 10.56557/jobari/2026/v32i511089
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05744003v1
AB - Blighia sapida is a medicinal plant with reported therapeutic properties in several plant parts. The present study evaluated the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibitory potential and antifungal properties of leaf extracts obtained with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Ethanol produced the highest extract yield (2.17%), followed by ethyl acetate (2.07%) and n-hexane (1.69%). Preliminary screening detected saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, anthocyanins and phenols in the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts, while terpenoids and anthraquinones were absent. Quantitative analysis showed that the ethyl acetate extract contained higher phenols (37.70±0.03 GAE/mg/g), flavonoids (12.96±0.02 QE/mg/g), tannins (10.75±0.01 TAE/mg/g), alkaloids (13.92±0.02%) and saponins (9.87±0.02%) than the ethanol extract. Antioxidant assays indicated concentration-dependent radical scavenging and reducing activities in both extracts, with variations between DPPH and FRAP responses. The ethanol extract showed stronger α-amylase inhibitory activity, with percentage inhibition ranging from 54.04±0.78% to 76.40±0.57% and an IC50 of 1.57 mg/mL, compared with 26.09±0.67% to 70.19±1.00% and an IC50 of 2.19 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract. Both extracts also demonstrated antifungal activity against selected fungal isolates, although no inhibition was observed against Aspergillus fumigatus, and ethanol showed no activity against Murcortic spp. These findings suggest that B. sapida leaves contain phytochemicals that may contribute to antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and antifungal activities.
SN - 2395-3438
ER -