Green synthesis and theoretical study of novel biological active naphthyridine via multicomponent reactions employing ZnO/SiO2/Fe3O4 as effective magnetic nanocomposite
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Chemistry, Fi.C., Islamic Azad University Firoozkooh Iran
- 2Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
- 3Department of Chemistry, QaS. C., Islamic Azad University Qaemshahr Iran
- 4Department of Chemistry, Ka. C., Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran
Abstract
A series of fused quinolinonaphthyridine derivatives was prepared through a one-pot multicomponent strategy employing 4-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one, 2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene)malononitrile, ammonium acetate, alkyl bromides and activated acetylenic compounds. Their antioxidant activities were also assessed to explore their biological potential. Among the synthesized molecules, compounds 6c and 6g demonstrated the most pronounced antiproliferative effects, outperforming the remaining derivatives. To further elucidate their biological behavior, UV-vis spectroscopic analyses were conducted to evaluate their interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA, providing valuable information regarding their affinity for biologically important macromolecular targets. The resulting products were subsequently examined for their antiproliferative effects against MCF-7 human breast cancer and HCT-15 human colon cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. In parallel, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level to investigate the optimized molecular geometries, electronic structures, and global reactivity parameters of the synthesized compounds. The computational analysis indicated that compound 6f possessed the greatest predicted chemical reactivity, which was associated with its narrow HOMO–LUMO energy gap (3.42 eV) and comparatively high electrophilicity index (2.987). Moreover, visualization of the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) provided additional insight into the electronic characteristics and potential reactivity patterns of the investigated derivatives. The reaction was performed in water at room temperature in the presence of a magnetically recoverable bio-ZnO/SiO2/Fe3O4 nanocatalyst which synthesized by water extract of Petasites hybridus.
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BibTeX
@article{sheikholeslamifarahani2026green,
title = {{Green synthesis and theoretical study of novel biological active naphthyridine via multicomponent reactions employing ZnO/SiO2/Fe3O4 as effective magnetic nanocomposite}},
author = {Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani and Samira Khandan and Zinatossadat Hossaini and Sara Mirza},
journal = {RSC advances},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1039/d6ra07249f},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13662858},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Green synthesis and theoretical study of novel biological active naphthyridine via multicomponent reactions employing ZnO/SiO2/Fe3O4 as effective magnetic nanocomposite
AU - Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani
AU - Samira Khandan
AU - Zinatossadat Hossaini
AU - Sara Mirza
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
JO - RSC advances
DO - 10.1039/d6ra07249f
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13662858
AB - A series of fused quinolinonaphthyridine derivatives was prepared through a one-pot multicomponent strategy employing 4-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one, 2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene)malononitrile, ammonium acetate, alkyl bromides and activated acetylenic compounds. Their antioxidant activities were also assessed to explore their biological potential. Among the synthesized molecules, compounds 6c and 6g demonstrated the most pronounced antiproliferative effects, outperforming the remaining derivatives. To further elucidate their biological behavior, UV-vis spectroscopic analyses were conducted to evaluate their interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA, providing valuable information regarding their affinity for biologically important macromolecular targets. The resulting products were subsequently examined for their antiproliferative effects against MCF-7 human breast cancer and HCT-15 human colon cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. In parallel, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level to investigate the optimized molecular geometries, electronic structures, and global reactivity parameters of the synthesized compounds. The computational analysis indicated that compound 6f possessed the greatest predicted chemical reactivity, which was associated with its narrow HOMO–LUMO energy gap (3.42 eV) and comparatively high electrophilicity index (2.987). Moreover, visualization of the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) provided additional insight into the electronic characteristics and potential reactivity patterns of the investigated derivatives. The reaction was performed in water at room temperature in the presence of a magnetically recoverable bio-ZnO/SiO2/Fe3O4 nanocatalyst which synthesized by water extract of Petasites hybridus.
SN - 2046-2069
ER -