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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0PLOS One

Safety assessment of microbial Polysaccharide Sanxan

  • Yang Zhang1,2
  • Haiqing Wu1,2,3
  • Jiangyue Pi2
  • Guizhi Quan2
  • Qingyi Chuo2
  • Xiaoyan Li1,2
  • Haidong Huang1,2
  1. 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Breeding of Major Crops, Tianjin, China
  2. 2Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
  3. 3State Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, Nanning, China
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Abstract

This study evaluated the oral safety of Sanxan to provide a basis for its application in food. The toxicological characteristics of Sanxan were assessed through an acute oral toxicity test, three genetic toxicity tests, a teratogenicity test in pregnant rats, and a 90-day oral toxicity test. The results showed that no obvious toxic symptoms or mortality were observed in the acute toxicity test, and the maximum tolerated dose was greater than 15 g/kg, indicating that Sanxan had no acute oral toxicity in the test animals. The results of three genetic toxicity tests-the Ames test, the micronucleus test, and the sperm abnormality test-were all negative, and the teratogenicity test in pregnant rats showed no maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, or teratogenicity, indicating that Sanxan had no mutagenic or teratogenic effects under the tested conditions. The 90-day oral toxicity test showed that Sanxan at doses of 1.3, 2.6, and 5.2 g/kg body weight had no obvious adverse effects on body weight gain, total food intake, total food utilization, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ-to-body weight ratios, or pathological examination in the test animals, and the maximum no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was 5.2 g/kg body weight. In summary, under the conditions of this study, Sanxan did not exhibit acute toxicity, genetic toxicity, teratogenicity, or subchronic toxicity, indicating that it has good safety under the tested conditions.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026safety,
  title = {{Safety assessment of microbial Polysaccharide Sanxan}},
  author = {Yang Zhang and Haiqing Wu and Jiangyue Pi and Guizhi Quan and Qingyi Chuo and Xiaoyan Li and Haidong Huang},
  journal = {PLOS One},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0361184},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361184},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety assessment of microbial Polysaccharide Sanxan
AU  - Yang Zhang
AU  - Haiqing Wu
AU  - Jiangyue Pi
AU  - Guizhi Quan
AU  - Qingyi Chuo
AU  - Xiaoyan Li
AU  - Haidong Huang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
JO  - PLOS One
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0361184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361184
AB  - This study evaluated the oral safety of Sanxan to provide a basis for its application in food. The toxicological characteristics of Sanxan were assessed through an acute oral toxicity test, three genetic toxicity tests, a teratogenicity test in pregnant rats, and a 90-day oral toxicity test. The results showed that no obvious toxic symptoms or mortality were observed in the acute toxicity test, and the maximum tolerated dose was greater than 15 g/kg, indicating that Sanxan had no acute oral toxicity in the test animals. The results of three genetic toxicity tests-the Ames test, the micronucleus test, and the sperm abnormality test-were all negative, and the teratogenicity test in pregnant rats showed no maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, or teratogenicity, indicating that Sanxan had no mutagenic or teratogenic effects under the tested conditions. The 90-day oral toxicity test showed that Sanxan at doses of 1.3, 2.6, and 5.2 g/kg body weight had no obvious adverse effects on body weight gain, total food intake, total food utilization, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ-to-body weight ratios, or pathological examination in the test animals, and the maximum no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was 5.2 g/kg body weight. In summary, under the conditions of this study, Sanxan did not exhibit acute toxicity, genetic toxicity, teratogenicity, or subchronic toxicity, indicating that it has good safety under the tested conditions.
SN  - 1932-6203
ER  -