Ultrafast laser inscription of mid-infrared waveguides in Pr3+-doped sulfide glass
Abstract
We report the femtosecond laser inscription of mid-infrared waveguides in Pr³⁺-doped chalcogenide glasses with composition 90[0.8(GeS₂) − 0.2(Ga₂S₃)] − 10[CsCl]. These glasses feature low phonon energies, high rare-earth solubility, and broad transparency, although impurity absorption emerges at higher doping levels. Pr³⁺ ions in the glass feature broadband luminescence spanning 3.5–5.5 µm. Three hexagonal-cladding waveguides (27 µm diameter) with varying channel separations were fabricated in a longitudinal writing geometry and characterized using µ-Raman and µ-luminescence spectroscopy, Nomarski microscopy, and confocal profilometry. The study revealed densification in the laser-modified regions and an anisotropic stress field surrounding the waveguides. The waveguides exhibited low propagation losses (<1 dB/cm) with no significant additional loss from Pr³⁺ doping, highlighting their potential for mid-infrared sensing and integrated photonic devices.
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BibTeX
@article{molinero2026ultrafast,
title = {{Ultrafast laser inscription of mid-infrared waveguides in Pr3+-doped sulfide glass}},
author = {Mariel Ledesma Molinero and Ngoc Quynh Hoa Nguyen and Pavel Loiko and Patrice Camy and Alain Braud and Pascal Masselin and Catherine Boussard-Pledel and David Le Coq},
journal = {Optical Materials Express},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
doi = {10.1364/ome.592158},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05767843v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Ultrafast laser inscription of mid-infrared waveguides in Pr3+-doped sulfide glass
AU - Mariel Ledesma Molinero
AU - Ngoc Quynh Hoa Nguyen
AU - Pavel Loiko
AU - Patrice Camy
AU - Alain Braud
AU - Pascal Masselin
AU - Catherine Boussard-Pledel
AU - David Le Coq
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/06/30
JO - Optical Materials Express
DO - 10.1364/ome.592158
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05767843v1
AB - We report the femtosecond laser inscription of mid-infrared waveguides in Pr³⁺-doped chalcogenide glasses with composition 90[0.8(GeS₂) − 0.2(Ga₂S₃)] − 10[CsCl]. These glasses feature low phonon energies, high rare-earth solubility, and broad transparency, although impurity absorption emerges at higher doping levels. Pr³⁺ ions in the glass feature broadband luminescence spanning 3.5–5.5 µm. Three hexagonal-cladding waveguides (27 µm diameter) with varying channel separations were fabricated in a longitudinal writing geometry and characterized using µ-Raman and µ-luminescence spectroscopy, Nomarski microscopy, and confocal profilometry. The study revealed densification in the laser-modified regions and an anisotropic stress field surrounding the waveguides. The waveguides exhibited low propagation losses (<1 dB/cm) with no significant additional loss from Pr³⁺ doping, highlighting their potential for mid-infrared sensing and integrated photonic devices.
SN - 2159-3930
SN - 2159-3930
ER -