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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Nutrients

Discriminative Performance of Anthropometric and Body Composition Measures for Identifying CONUT-Defined Nutritional Risk in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Justyna Nowak1
  • Marzena Jabczyk2
  • Michał Skrzypek3
  • Michał Górski4
  • Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska2,5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
  2. 2Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
  3. 3Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
  4. 4Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-635 Katowice, Poland
  5. 5Department of Endocrinology, District Hospital, 41-940 Piekary Slaskie, Poland
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Abstract

Background/Objective: The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a laboratory-based tool for identifying nutritional risk. This study examined associations of anthropometric and bioimpedance-derived body composition measures with CONUT and their ability to discriminate CONUT-defined nutritional risk in hospitalized older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 164 hospitalized adults aged >60 years. Anthropometric measurements, derived indices, and bioimpedance-derived body composition parameters were assessed, and CONUT was calculated from routine laboratory data. Results: CONUT-defined nutritional risk was present in 43.3% of participants. Participants with nutritional risk had lower body weight, waist, mid-upper arm and calf circumferences, fat mass, body mass index (BMI), and body adiposity index (BAI) (all p < 0.05). Correlations with the CONUT score were weak; the largest absolute correlations were observed for fat mass in kilograms and fat mass percentage (both ρ = −0.25). In the fully adjusted model, mid-upper arm circumference (OR = 0.900; 95% CI 0.825–0.982), fat mass in kilograms (OR = 0.955; 95% CI 0.921–0.991), and fat mass percentage (OR = 0.928; 95% CI 0.887–0.972) showed nominally significant associations with lower odds of CONUT-defined nutritional risk. After FDR adjustment, only fat mass percentage remained statistically significant (q = 0.024). Discriminatory performance was modest; the highest areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.655 for fat mass percentage, 0.647 for fat mass in kilograms, and 0.638 for mid-upper arm circumference. Conclusions: Anthropometric and body composition measures showed limited ability to discriminate CONUT-defined nutritional risk and should not be considered substitutes for CONUT. Among the evaluated measures, fat mass percentage showed the most robust association with CONUT-defined nutritional risk. More complex derived indices did not provide additional discriminatory value.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{nowak2026discriminative,
  title = {{Discriminative Performance of Anthropometric and Body Composition Measures for Identifying CONUT-Defined Nutritional Risk in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study}},
  author = {Justyna Nowak and Marzena Jabczyk and Michał Skrzypek and Michał Górski and Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/nu18203316},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3316},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discriminative Performance of Anthropometric and Body Composition Measures for Identifying CONUT-Defined Nutritional Risk in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
AU  - Justyna Nowak
AU  - Marzena Jabczyk
AU  - Michał Skrzypek
AU  - Michał Górski
AU  - Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Nutrients
DO  - 10.3390/nu18203316
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3316
AB  - Background/Objective: The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a laboratory-based tool for identifying nutritional risk. This study examined associations of anthropometric and bioimpedance-derived body composition measures with CONUT and their ability to discriminate CONUT-defined nutritional risk in hospitalized older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 164 hospitalized adults aged >60 years. Anthropometric measurements, derived indices, and bioimpedance-derived body composition parameters were assessed, and CONUT was calculated from routine laboratory data. Results: CONUT-defined nutritional risk was present in 43.3% of participants. Participants with nutritional risk had lower body weight, waist, mid-upper arm and calf circumferences, fat mass, body mass index (BMI), and body adiposity index (BAI) (all p < 0.05). Correlations with the CONUT score were weak; the largest absolute correlations were observed for fat mass in kilograms and fat mass percentage (both ρ = −0.25). In the fully adjusted model, mid-upper arm circumference (OR = 0.900; 95% CI 0.825–0.982), fat mass in kilograms (OR = 0.955; 95% CI 0.921–0.991), and fat mass percentage (OR = 0.928; 95% CI 0.887–0.972) showed nominally significant associations with lower odds of CONUT-defined nutritional risk. After FDR adjustment, only fat mass percentage remained statistically significant (q = 0.024). Discriminatory performance was modest; the highest areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.655 for fat mass percentage, 0.647 for fat mass in kilograms, and 0.638 for mid-upper arm circumference. Conclusions: Anthropometric and body composition measures showed limited ability to discriminate CONUT-defined nutritional risk and should not be considered substitutes for CONUT. Among the evaluated measures, fat mass percentage showed the most robust association with CONUT-defined nutritional risk. More complex derived indices did not provide additional discriminatory value.
SN  - 2072-6643
ER  -