Urinary Bisphenol A Levels Are Associated with Vascular Injury in Mexican Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
4 affiliations
- 1Centro de Investigación Biomédica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76140, Mexico
- 2Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76000, Mexico
- 3Instituto de Corazón de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76000, Mexico
- 4Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Mexico
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and is associated with standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs); however, additional factors may contribute to its development. Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical has been associated with cardiovascular alterations. We investigated BPA’s possible association with classic risk factors and vascular injury biomarkers in Mexican patients with CAD. Adult patients underwent quantitative coronary angiography and SYNTAX score assessment and were classified as having obstructive (OD) or non-obstructive (NOD) disease. SMuRFs, lipid profile, VCAM-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and uBPA were determined. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, Welch’s t-test, ANOVA, and adjusted multiple linear regression. Eighty-nine patients aged 30–85 years were evaluated. OD patients had higher uBPA levels (3.46 ± 2.04 ng/mL) than NOD patients (1.25 ± 1.08 ng/mL), and uBPA levels differed according to the number of diseased arteries and diseased artery segments. uBPA was positively associated with MMP-2, MMP-9, SYNTAX score, percentage of stenosis, number of diseased arteries, diseased artery segments, and SMuRFs, and negatively associated with HDLc. SYNTAX score was associated with MMP-2, MMP-9, VCAM-1 and low HDLc levels. Our findings support uBPA levels are associated with vascular injury in Mexican patients with coronary artery disease.
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BibTeX
@article{guerreromeza2026urinary,
title = {{Urinary Bisphenol A Levels Are Associated with Vascular Injury in Mexican Patients with Coronary Artery Disease}},
author = {Fernando Manuel Guerrero-Meza and Marco Antonio Alcocer-Gamba and Juan Pablo Núñez-Urquiza and Rafael Vera-Urquiza and Aquiles Montalvo-Ramos and Santiaga Marisela Ahumada-Solórzano and Haydé Azeneth Vergara-Castañeda and Juan Carlos Solís-Sáinz and Ana Gabriela Hernández-Puga},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27209295},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9295},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Urinary Bisphenol A Levels Are Associated with Vascular Injury in Mexican Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
AU - Fernando Manuel Guerrero-Meza
AU - Marco Antonio Alcocer-Gamba
AU - Juan Pablo Núñez-Urquiza
AU - Rafael Vera-Urquiza
AU - Aquiles Montalvo-Ramos
AU - Santiaga Marisela Ahumada-Solórzano
AU - Haydé Azeneth Vergara-Castañeda
AU - Juan Carlos Solís-Sáinz
AU - Ana Gabriela Hernández-Puga
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27209295
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9295
AB - Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and is associated with standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs); however, additional factors may contribute to its development. Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical has been associated with cardiovascular alterations. We investigated BPA’s possible association with classic risk factors and vascular injury biomarkers in Mexican patients with CAD. Adult patients underwent quantitative coronary angiography and SYNTAX score assessment and were classified as having obstructive (OD) or non-obstructive (NOD) disease. SMuRFs, lipid profile, VCAM-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and uBPA were determined. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, Welch’s t-test, ANOVA, and adjusted multiple linear regression. Eighty-nine patients aged 30–85 years were evaluated. OD patients had higher uBPA levels (3.46 ± 2.04 ng/mL) than NOD patients (1.25 ± 1.08 ng/mL), and uBPA levels differed according to the number of diseased arteries and diseased artery segments. uBPA was positively associated with MMP-2, MMP-9, SYNTAX score, percentage of stenosis, number of diseased arteries, diseased artery segments, and SMuRFs, and negatively associated with HDLc. SYNTAX score was associated with MMP-2, MMP-9, VCAM-1 and low HDLc levels. Our findings support uBPA levels are associated with vascular injury in Mexican patients with coronary artery disease.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -