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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Food Chemistry: X

Sustainable valorization of Piennolo tomato leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a source of rutin: extraction optimization, antiglycation activity, and ex vivo skin distribution

  • Vincenzo Piccolo
  • Ritamaria Di Lorenzo1
  • Marlo De Vivo2
  • Adua Marzocchi2
  • Lucia Ricci1
  • Sonia Laneri1
  • Vincenzo Summa1
  • Gian Carlo Tenore2
  • Maria Maisto2
  1. 1Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
  2. 2NutraPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Abstract

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to skin ageing and diabetes-related tissue dysfunction. This study investigated Piennolo tomato leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.), an underutilized agro-food by-product, as a source of rutin and antiglycation bioactives. Response surface methodology identified ethanol concentration and extraction time as significant variables for rutin recovery, whereas temperature showed no significant main effect within the tested range. Optimized food-grade extraction conditions (35% ethanol, 70.8 min) yielded 8.22 mg rutin/g DW, close to the predicted 8.45 mg/g DW. HPLC-DAD and HPLC-HESI-MS/MS profiling identified 24 phenolic compounds. The optimized Piennolo tomato leaf (OPTL) extract exhibited in vitro radical-scavenging activity in DPPH (IC₅₀ = 0.981 mg/mL; 95% CI 0.803–1.33) and ABTS (IC₅₀ = 1.36 mg/mL; 95% CI 1.23–1.52) assays and inhibited AGE formation (IC₅₀ = 3.62 mg/mL; 95% CI 2.53–5.36). Ex vivo Franz diffusion studies showed preferential cutaneous rutin retention, with receptor-phase detection only at 8 h.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{piccolo2026sustainable,
  title = {{Sustainable valorization of Piennolo tomato leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a source of rutin: extraction optimization, antiglycation activity, and ex vivo skin distribution}},
  author = {Vincenzo Piccolo and Ritamaria Di Lorenzo and Marlo De Vivo and Adua Marzocchi and Lucia Ricci and Sonia Laneri and Vincenzo Summa and Gian Carlo Tenore and Maria Maisto},
  journal = {Food Chemistry: X},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.fochx.2026.104687},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2026.104687},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sustainable valorization of Piennolo tomato leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a source of rutin: extraction optimization, antiglycation activity, and ex vivo skin distribution
AU  - Vincenzo Piccolo
AU  - Ritamaria Di Lorenzo
AU  - Marlo De Vivo
AU  - Adua Marzocchi
AU  - Lucia Ricci
AU  - Sonia Laneri
AU  - Vincenzo Summa
AU  - Gian Carlo Tenore
AU  - Maria Maisto
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - Food Chemistry: X
DO  - 10.1016/j.fochx.2026.104687
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2026.104687
AB  - Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to skin ageing and diabetes-related tissue dysfunction. This study investigated Piennolo tomato leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.), an underutilized agro-food by-product, as a source of rutin and antiglycation bioactives. Response surface methodology identified ethanol concentration and extraction time as significant variables for rutin recovery, whereas temperature showed no significant main effect within the tested range. Optimized food-grade extraction conditions (35% ethanol, 70.8 min) yielded 8.22 mg rutin/g DW, close to the predicted 8.45 mg/g DW. HPLC-DAD and HPLC-HESI-MS/MS profiling identified 24 phenolic compounds. The optimized Piennolo tomato leaf (OPTL) extract exhibited in vitro radical-scavenging activity in DPPH (IC₅₀ = 0.981 mg/mL; 95% CI 0.803–1.33) and ABTS (IC₅₀ = 1.36 mg/mL; 95% CI 1.23–1.52) assays and inhibited AGE formation (IC₅₀ = 3.62 mg/mL; 95% CI 2.53–5.36). Ex vivo Franz diffusion studies showed preferential cutaneous rutin retention, with receptor-phase detection only at 8 h.
SN  - 2590-1575
ER  -