A multiscale cross attention framework for predicting the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of low dimensional In-Pb heterostructures fabricated by hot pressing
- 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University , ,
Abstract
Low dimensional In-Pb heterostructures fabricated by hot pressing offer distinctive potential in superconducting quantum devices, spintronics, and flexible electromagnetic functional materials. Their electromagnetic coupling response is governed by atomic layer spin-orbit coupling, the In-Pb interfacial proximity effect, mesoscale texture, and macroscopic processing conditions acting together, and a predictive framework combining physical consistency with inverse process design has been lacking. This study proposes the Multiscale Cross Attention Electromagnetic Coupling Network, MSCA-EMNet. A hierarchical encoder embeds the four scales into independent, nonoverlapping channels, and a bidirectional cross scale attention module, BS-CrossAttn, places the Query at scale k and the Key and Value at scale k±1 , running upward aggregation and downward constraint feedback in parallel. A FiLM mechanism maps hot pressing parameters and the applied magnetic field to channel level affine parameters supporting inverse determination of feasible windows, and a scale availability mask lets records of unequal scale coverage train together through a learnable absent process embedding. Onsager reciprocity and magnetoelectric reciprocity between the direct and converse responses keep the nine component tensor physically consistent, the tensor being defined at a specified magnetic field and including three components of the interfacial magnetoelectric susceptibility. On 1,200 samples from DFT calculations and hot pressing experiments, MSCA-EMNet reaches an overall normalized mean absolute error of 0.041 and a coefficient of determination of 0.948, improvements of 43% and 7.2% over the strongest baseline. The extrapolation degradation rate is 48.8%, the proportion of samples violating the Onsager relation falls from the baseline range of 12%–41% to 1.7%, and cross system transfer reaches 0.86 to 0.89. An inverse design case maps a target tensor to a window of 168°C–174 °C, 62–70 MPa, 25–35 min and 8–12 μm, and six confirmatory experiments reproduce the target within 7.6% on every component.
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BibTeX
@article{xi2026multiscale,
title = {{A multiscale cross attention framework for predicting the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of low dimensional In-Pb heterostructures fabricated by hot pressing}},
author = {YingHao Xi and Lin Wang},
journal = {Frontiers in chemistry},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fchem.2026.1974299},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719555},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - A multiscale cross attention framework for predicting the electromagnetic coupling characteristics of low dimensional In-Pb heterostructures fabricated by hot pressing
AU - YingHao Xi
AU - Lin Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
JO - Frontiers in chemistry
DO - 10.3389/fchem.2026.1974299
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719555
AB - Low dimensional In-Pb heterostructures fabricated by hot pressing offer distinctive potential in superconducting quantum devices, spintronics, and flexible electromagnetic functional materials. Their electromagnetic coupling response is governed by atomic layer spin-orbit coupling, the In-Pb interfacial proximity effect, mesoscale texture, and macroscopic processing conditions acting together, and a predictive framework combining physical consistency with inverse process design has been lacking. This study proposes the Multiscale Cross Attention Electromagnetic Coupling Network, MSCA-EMNet. A hierarchical encoder embeds the four scales into independent, nonoverlapping channels, and a bidirectional cross scale attention module, BS-CrossAttn, places the Query at scale k and the Key and Value at scale k±1 , running upward aggregation and downward constraint feedback in parallel. A FiLM mechanism maps hot pressing parameters and the applied magnetic field to channel level affine parameters supporting inverse determination of feasible windows, and a scale availability mask lets records of unequal scale coverage train together through a learnable absent process embedding. Onsager reciprocity and magnetoelectric reciprocity between the direct and converse responses keep the nine component tensor physically consistent, the tensor being defined at a specified magnetic field and including three components of the interfacial magnetoelectric susceptibility. On 1,200 samples from DFT calculations and hot pressing experiments, MSCA-EMNet reaches an overall normalized mean absolute error of 0.041 and a coefficient of determination of 0.948, improvements of 43% and 7.2% over the strongest baseline. The extrapolation degradation rate is 48.8%, the proportion of samples violating the Onsager relation falls from the baseline range of 12%–41% to 1.7%, and cross system transfer reaches 0.86 to 0.89. An inverse design case maps a target tensor to a window of 168°C–174 °C, 62–70 MPa, 25–35 min and 8–12 μm, and six confirmatory experiments reproduce the target within 7.6% on every component.
SN - 2296-2646
ER -