Valorization of mahogany sawdust waste for dyeing of cotton knitted fabrics using aloe vera and banana sap bio-mordants
10 affiliations
- 1Department of Textile Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology
- 2Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Asian Institute of Technology
- 3Department of Fabric Engineering, Barishal Textile Engineering College
- 4Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology
- 5Department of Environmental Science, BGMEA University of Fashion and Technology
- 6Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Wyoming
- 7Department of Textile Engineering, University of Scholars
- 8Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- 9Department of Apparel Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles
- 10Department of Manufacturing and Civil Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Abstract
Growing environmental concerns and the need to reduce dependence on synthetic dyes have intensified the search for sustainable colorant sources and bio-based mordanting systems derived from renewable resources. In this study, mahogany sawdust, a wood industry by-product, was used as a natural dye source for cotton knitted fabric coloration. Aloe vera, banana sap, and their combination served as bio-mordants. Pre-mordanting was performed at 100 °C for 60 min, followed by 24 h of conditioning. The dye was extracted by heating a mahogany sawdust-water mixture at 100 °C for 1 h. The UV–Visible spectrum of the extract showed a maximum absorption at 275 nm, consistent with the absorption characteristics of flavonoid-related chromophoric compounds. FTIR spectra revealed intensified characteristic peaks in the combined bio-mordant sample, indicating improved intermolecular interaction and dye absorption behavior within the dye–fiber system. The highest color strength value of 7.1 was obtained with the aloe vera and banana sap combination, compared to 4.1 for the unmordanted fabric. Washing fastness improved from 2–3 in the control to 3–4 in mordanted samples, while wet rubbing fastness increased from 2–3 to 3–4, and light fastness reached a rating of 3 in the combined treatment. Comparatively lower weight-loss behavior during washing-based mechanical treatment was observed in bio-mordanted fabrics. Saliva fastness ratings of 3–4 for color change and 4–5 for staining demonstrated acceptable color resistance under saliva exposure conditions. The combined bio-mordant treatment demonstrates improved dye absorption behavior and durability, supporting potential application of mahogany sawdust-based coloration systems in sustainable cotton dyeing.
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BibTeX
@article{islam2026valorization,
title = {{Valorization of mahogany sawdust waste for dyeing of cotton knitted fabrics using aloe vera and banana sap bio-mordants}},
author = {Tarikul Islam and M. R. Islam and Sayam and R. Alam and S. Hossain and M. N. H. Chowdhury and A. S. Rafi and Tarekul Islam and A. M. Khan and S. C. Das},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-62532-0},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62532-0},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Valorization of mahogany sawdust waste for dyeing of cotton knitted fabrics using aloe vera and banana sap bio-mordants
AU - Tarikul Islam
AU - M. R. Islam
AU - Sayam
AU - R. Alam
AU - S. Hossain
AU - M. N. H. Chowdhury
AU - A. S. Rafi
AU - Tarekul Islam
AU - A. M. Khan
AU - S. C. Das
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
JO - Scientific Reports
DO - 10.1038/s41598-026-62532-0
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62532-0
AB - Growing environmental concerns and the need to reduce dependence on synthetic dyes have intensified the search for sustainable colorant sources and bio-based mordanting systems derived from renewable resources. In this study, mahogany sawdust, a wood industry by-product, was used as a natural dye source for cotton knitted fabric coloration. Aloe vera, banana sap, and their combination served as bio-mordants. Pre-mordanting was performed at 100 °C for 60 min, followed by 24 h of conditioning. The dye was extracted by heating a mahogany sawdust-water mixture at 100 °C for 1 h. The UV–Visible spectrum of the extract showed a maximum absorption at 275 nm, consistent with the absorption characteristics of flavonoid-related chromophoric compounds. FTIR spectra revealed intensified characteristic peaks in the combined bio-mordant sample, indicating improved intermolecular interaction and dye absorption behavior within the dye–fiber system. The highest color strength value of 7.1 was obtained with the aloe vera and banana sap combination, compared to 4.1 for the unmordanted fabric. Washing fastness improved from 2–3 in the control to 3–4 in mordanted samples, while wet rubbing fastness increased from 2–3 to 3–4, and light fastness reached a rating of 3 in the combined treatment. Comparatively lower weight-loss behavior during washing-based mechanical treatment was observed in bio-mordanted fabrics. Saliva fastness ratings of 3–4 for color change and 4–5 for staining demonstrated acceptable color resistance under saliva exposure conditions. The combined bio-mordant treatment demonstrates improved dye absorption behavior and durability, supporting potential application of mahogany sawdust-based coloration systems in sustainable cotton dyeing.
SN - 2045-2322
ER -