Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity of Amino Acid- and Triphenylphosphonium-Based Derivatives of Chrysin and Pinocembrin.
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Abstract
Objectives
Chrysin and pinocembrin are two key flavonoids contributing to the antimicrobial activity of poplar propolis. However, their antimicrobial potency when used independently is limited. In this study, amino acid (AA)- and triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-based derivatives of chrysin and pinocembrin were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity, with particular focus on their antifungal potential and mechanism of action.Methods
AA- and TPP-based derivatives of chrysin and pinocembrin were synthesised and characterised. Their antimicrobial activity was evaluated against selected bacterial and fungal strains. The mechanism of antifungal activity of the most active compounds was further investigated. Additionally, their haemolytic activity was also evaluated.Results and conclusions
TPP derivatives, compounds 11 and 12, showed substantially enhanced antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Further investigation indicated that compounds 11 and 12 are capable of inducing membrane depolarisation while exhibiting negligible haemolytic activity. These findings support TPP-based derivatisation as a promising approach for improving the antimicrobial potential of these propolis-derived flavonoids.
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BibTeX
@article{jenny2026investigation,
title = {{Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity of Amino Acid- and Triphenylphosphonium-Based Derivatives of Chrysin and Pinocembrin.}},
author = {Jeslin Cheruvathoor Jenny and Andrzej S Skwarecki and Michał K Pierański and Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo and Piotr Szweda},
journal = {Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/antibiotics15101025},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42938766},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity of Amino Acid- and Triphenylphosphonium-Based Derivatives of Chrysin and Pinocembrin.
AU - Jeslin Cheruvathoor Jenny
AU - Andrzej S Skwarecki
AU - Michał K Pierański
AU - Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo
AU - Piotr Szweda
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/15
JO - Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/antibiotics15101025
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42938766
AB - Objectives Chrysin and pinocembrin are two key flavonoids contributing to the antimicrobial activity of poplar propolis. However, their antimicrobial potency when used independently is limited. In this study, amino acid (AA)- and triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-based derivatives of chrysin and pinocembrin were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity, with particular focus on their antifungal potential and mechanism of action.Methods AA- and TPP-based derivatives of chrysin and pinocembrin were synthesised and characterised. Their antimicrobial activity was evaluated against selected bacterial and fungal strains. The mechanism of antifungal activity of the most active compounds was further investigated. Additionally, their haemolytic activity was also evaluated.Results and conclusions TPP derivatives, compounds 11 and 12, showed substantially enhanced antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Further investigation indicated that compounds 11 and 12 are capable of inducing membrane depolarisation while exhibiting negligible haemolytic activity. These findings support TPP-based derivatisation as a promising approach for improving the antimicrobial potential of these propolis-derived flavonoids.
SN - 2079-6382
ER -